Theoretical-conceptual reconstruction of the paradigms of "brain drain" and "brain gain" of brains: scenarios and current degree of relevance in the Latin American region

• In Event: Uses, strategies and knowledge production in mobility contexts - II

Abstract

The objective is to present a theoretical-conceptual historical reconstruction of scientific mobility from the middle of the 20th century to the present, based on studies in the field of science and technology and society - CTS (Loray, 2017; De La Vega and Vargas, 2017 ; Luchilo, 2011; Vessuri, 2009; Albornoz et.al. 2002). Through this journey, we seek to reflect on the current relevance of the "brain drain" and "brain gain" approaches - and the classical and structuralist positions that surround them.

For this, it is reviewed how the postulates and terminologies of both currents were forged, within the framework of scientific-technological and socio-economic conjunctures of the countries involved in the flow of researchers, with a focus on the situation of the Latin American region, and making allusion to the Argentine case.

From a center-periphery perspective regarding the north-south economic and scientific-technological development asymmetries (Kreimer, 2011, 2006; Hurtado, 2010), it deliberates on the opportunities for south-south collaboration, within the framework of a scientific nomadism , but aimed at reaffirming ties with geographic partners in similar conditions and / or with research lines of mutual interest (Didou Aupetit and others 2009, 2014). Likewise, It is analized the importance of the proliferation of case studies by disciplinary fields with mixed methodological approaches (Rivero et.al 2021; Luchilo et.al., 2019; Moreno, 2017), as a contribution to the improvement of planning and management scientific public. Finally, it is presented the transnational approach.

Author

• Patricia Bárbara Flores, Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación-Argentina